Biology Agriculture Biology Chemistry Environmental Science Forensic Science Program Public Health Goals/Objectives The curriculum is generally designed to: Provide fundamentals of modern biological concepts, principles, and theories. Provide scientific problem-solving methodology. Prepare students for graduate work in the biological sciences. Prepare students for entry into health-related fields such as medicine, pharmacy, dentistry, nursing and others. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: The Biology Program of Study seeks to: Prepare graduates for professional careers or further education in graduate programs; Ensure graduates’ proficiency and competence in the biomedical or environmental sciences Promote leadership, critical thinking skills, and information literacy, and Prepare students to earn a BSc in Biology with concentration in premedical or environmental biology. Program Description This program is customized for potential careers in the life or medical sciences. It will satisfy the requirement for BSc in biology, the minimum requirements for entry into medical schools, or advanced studies in the life sciences. It introduces students to contemporary areas in biology and affords them a competitive academic edge. It also enhances students’ readiness for the science community, increases their chances for employment or admission to graduate and professional schools, and boosts their contribution to national development. REQUIREMENT FOR A DEGREE IN BIOLOGY-(138 CREDIT HOURS) General Education Credit Hours 43 College Requirement Credit Hours 18 Core Requirement Credit Hours 45 Electives Total Credit Hours 10 Minor (6 COURSES) Credit Hours 22 HISTOLOGY BIOL 309 HISTOLOGY BIOL 309 Credit Hours: 4Prerequisites: BIOL 201 This is an introductory course which deals with the study of the four basic tissues in vertebrates including epithelial, connective, muscle, and nerve tissue in terms of morphology and location. Topics include: methods of histology, epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscle tissue, nerve tissue, blood tissue, hematopoiesis, lymphatic tissue, integument, digestive tract, respiratory tract, urinary tract, and reproductive tract. The course consists of two extended lectures and two extended laboratory sessions per week. GENERAL CHEMISTRY I CHEM 101: General Chemistry I CHEM 101: Credit Hours: 4Pre-requisite: Freshman Science Major This course introduces the principles of chemistry. Topics include: nature of matter, stoichiometry, basic chemical reactions, moles, gas laws, atomic structure, periodic table and relationships, and chemical bonding. Three hours lectures per week. PRINCIPLES OF BIOLOGY BIOL 101 PRINCIPLES OF BIOLOGY BIOL 101 Credit Hours: 3Prerequisite: For only non-Science Majors This course is designed to introduce non-biology majors to topics and laboratory skills. It encompasses chemical, physical, and biological principles common to most organisms. Topics of interest include the scientific method, cellular structure and function, cellular reproduction, basic chemistry, organ systems, and Mendelian genetics. The course consists of three lectures and two laboratory sessions per week. PRINCIPLES OF BIOLOGY BIOL 102 PRINCIPLES OF BIOLOGY BIOL 102 Credit Hours: 3Prerequisite: BIOL 101 This course introduces non-biology majors to topics and laboratory skills with emphasis on animal science. It deals with the survey of the invertebrate including the helminthes, their classification and life cycles. The course also covers introduction to the chordates, their general characteristics, classification along with their representation or examples. The subphylum vertebrata is considered with emphasis on its classes. The course also deals with sex education, sexually transmitted infections (STI), environmental pollution, and personal hygiene and sanitation. GENERAL BIOLOGY I BIOL 103 GENERAL BIOLOGY I BIOL 103 Credit Hours: 4Prerequisite: Freshman Science Major This is the initial biology course for science majors. It is designed to unify biological principles with emphasis on the scientific method, classification of living things, chemical basis of life, cellular structure and function, cellular reproduction, energy metabolism (photosynthesis and respiration), heredity, molecular biology. Laboratory exercises will complement lecture topics. The course consists of two extended lectures and two extended laboratory sessions per week. GENERAL BIOLOGY II BIOL 104 GENERAL BIOLOGY II BIOL 104 Credit Hours: 4Prerequisite: BIOL 103 This course is a continuation of BIOL 103, and it encompasses an introduction to the biology of microorganisms (general characteristics, structure, and economic importance); basic plant and animal structure and function; systematics; evolution; ecological factors and energy flow; principles of population biology; and concepts of environmental science. Laboratory exercises complement lecture topics. The course consists of two extended lectures and two extended laboratory sessions per week. GENERAL ZOOLOGY BIOL 201 GENERAL ZOOLOGY BIOL 201 Credit Hours: 4Prerequisite: BIOL 104 This course is designed to introduce students to the structure, function, and evolution of major phyla of invertebrates and vertebrates. Topics include the general characteristics, taxonomy, classification, ecology, and economic importance of representative animal phyla. Laboratory exercises will include microscopic study of representative invertebrates and dissections and study of the frog organ system. The course consists of two extended lectures and two extended laboratory sessions per week. GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY BIOL 202 GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY BIOL 202 Credit Hours: 4Prerequisite: BIOL 104 This course deals with the general study of microorganisms including viruses, bacteria, and fungi and their interactions with other living things. It covers concepts of microbiology such as microbial structure, growth and metabolism and their application to microbial control and pathogenicity; body defense mechanisms; immune responses; and industrial processes. Topics include: principles and techniques of microbiology; general characteristics, morphology, and parasitic implications of microorganisms (viruses, bacteria, representative fungi); methods of microbial control; body defense mechanisms and immune responses; and applied microbiology. The lab exercises stress basic laboratory techniques such as staining, aseptic techniques, and the biochemical and serological testing for microorganisms. The course consists of two extended lectures and two extended laboratory sessions per week. INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY BIOL 301 INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY BIOL 301 Credit Hours: 4Prerequisite: BIOL 201 This is a comparative study of major invertebrate phyla with reference to representative types of Protozoa, Porifera, Coelenterata, Platyhelminthes, Aschelminthes, Annelida, Arthropoda, Mollusca and Echinodermata. Students should have a general knowledge of the main invertebrate phyla in terms of their common features, morphology, classification, life history, and economic importance. Laboratory work includes dissection of the earthworm, snail, cockroach and crayfish, and study of slides. The course consists of two extended lectures and two extended laboratory sessions per week. PARASITOLOGY BIOL 302 PARASITOLOGY BIOL 302 Credit Hours: 4Prerequisites: BIOL 301 This course is an introduction to the general biology of the parasitic protozoans, helminths, and arthropods of humans and domestic animals. It will emphasize the morphology, form and function, life cycles, symptoms, and pathogenesis of representative taxa from major parasitic groups including Protozoans, Platyhelminthes, Nematodes and Arthropods. Laboratory work includes collection of parasites from various hosts and their detailed study. The course consists of two extended lectures and two extended laboratory sessions per week. BIOSTATISTICS BIOL 306 BIOSTATISTICS BIOL 306 Credit Hours: 4Prerequisites: MATH 107 The course will introduce students to concepts and methods of descriptive and inferential statistics, with applications in specific disciplines emphasized. Topics include methods of data description, comparison of means and proportions, hypothesis testing, confidence intervals, nonparametric methods, linear regression and correlation. ANIMAL MICROTECHNIQUES AND TISSUE CULTURE BIOL 307 Animal Microtechniques and Tissue Culture BIOL 307 Credit Hours: 4Prerequisites: BIOL 201 This course is in two parts: Part I deals with microscopy methods or procedures that includes tissue extraction, preservation, tissue processing, and slide preparation. Topics include: tissue extraction or dissection, fixation, dehydration, clearing, infiltration, embedding, microtomy, and staining. Part II or Tissue Culture deals with the introduction of fragments of a tissue into a new and artificial environment where they continue to function or grow. Topics include: types, techniques, and the process of tissue culture. The course consists of two extended lectures and two extended laboratory sessions per week. BACTERIOLOGY BIOL 308 BACTERIOLOGY BIOL 308 Credit Hours: 4Prerequisites: BIOL 202 This course is designed to study the form, distribution, physiology, ecology, and the role of bacteria in diseases. It also covers systemic pathogenic bacteria of humans including mycoplasma, rickettsia and chlamydia, their pathogenesis, modes of transmission, epidemiology, methods for isolation and identification. Selected bacteria for study include: aerobic Gram-positive cocci, bacilli and acid fast bacilli, Haemophilus, Brucella, Bordetella, Neisseria and Enterobacter, as well as methods of testing their susceptibility to antibacterial agents. BACTERIOLOGY BIOL 308 BACTERIOLOGY BIOL 308 Credit Hours: 4Prerequisites: BIOL 202 This course is designed to study the form, distribution, physiology, ecology, and the role of bacteria in diseases. It also covers systemic pathogenic bacteria of humans including mycoplasma, rickettsia and chlamydia, their pathogenesis, modes of transmission, epidemiology, methods for isolation and identification. Selected bacteria for study include: aerobic Gram-positive cocci, bacilli and acid fast bacilli, Haemophilus, Brucella, Bordetella, Neisseria and Enterobacter, as well as methods of testing their susceptibility to antibacterial agents. HISTOLOGY BIOL 309 HISTOLOGY BIOL 309 Credit Hours: 4Prerequisites: BIOL 201 This is an introductory course which deals with the study of the four basic tissues in vertebrates including epithelial, connective, muscle, and nerve tissue in terms of morphology and location. Topics include: methods of histology, epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscle tissue, nerve tissue, blood tissue, hematopoiesis, lymphatic tissue, integument, digestive tract, respiratory tract, urinary tract, and reproductive tract. The course consists of two extended lectures and two extended laboratory sessions per week. BOTANY BIOL 310 BOTANY BIOL 310 Credit Hours: 4Prerequisite: BIOL 104 This course is an introduction to the study of plants, their structure, life processes, and evolution. Topics include: the importance of botany; branches of botany; plant molecules; Plant cells (structure and growth); plant tissues and organs; life cycles and reproduction; energy metabolism (photosynthesis and respiration); water movement and nutrient transport; Plant development, morphogenesis and hormones; tropisms and circadian rhythms; Plant Systematics and taxonomy; Nonvascular plants; Vascular plants; and Plant ecology. Laboratory exercises complement lecture topics. The course consists of two extended lectures and two extended laboratory sessions per week. BOTANY BIOL 310 BOTANY BIOL 310 Credit Hours: 4Prerequisite: BIOL 104 This course is an introduction to the study of plants, their structure, life processes, and evolution. Topics include: the importance of botany; branches of botany; plant molecules; Plant cells (structure and growth); plant tissues and organs; life cycles and reproduction; energy metabolism (photosynthesis and respiration); water movement and nutrient transport; Plant development, morphogenesis and hormones; tropisms and circadian rhythms; Plant Systematics and taxonomy; Nonvascular plants; Vascular plants; and Plant ecology. Laboratory exercises complement lecture topics. The course consists of two extended lectures and two extended laboratory sessions per week. BIOCHEMISTRY I BIOL 401 BIOCHEMISTRY I BIOL 401 Credit Hours: 4Prerequisite: CHEM 202 This course is the study of the molecules of life with emphasis on four key groups of biomolecules: proteins, lipids, carbohydrates and nucleic acids. The focus will be on the structure and function of these key biomolecules and the mechanics by which the cellular machinery is supplied with energy. Topics include: fundamental concepts of biochemistry; cellular organelles for biochemical reactions, pH, buffer solutions, and the Henderson-Hasselbach equation; structure and function of carbohydrates and monosaccharides; lipids and biological membranes; proteins and amino acids; nucleic acids and nucleotides; vitamins, coenzymes, and enzyme kinetics. BIOCHEMISTRY I BIOL 401 BIOCHEMISTRY I BIOL 401 Credit Hours: 4Prerequisite: CHEM 202 This course is the study of the molecules of life with emphasis on four key groups of biomolecules: proteins, lipids, carbohydrates and nucleic acids. The focus will be on the structure and function of these key biomolecules and the mechanics by which the cellular machinery is supplied with energy. Topics include: fundamental concepts of biochemistry; cellular organelles for biochemical reactions, pH, buffer solutions, and the Henderson-Hasselbach equation; structure and function of carbohydrates and monosaccharides; lipids and biological membranes; proteins and amino acids; nucleic acids and nucleotides; vitamins, coenzymes, and enzyme kinetics. BIOCHEMISTRY II BIOL 402 BIOCHEMISTRY II BIOL 402 Credit Hours: 4Prerequisite: BIOL 401 This course is a continuation of Biochemistry I with emphasis on metabolism in organisms. Topics include: fundamental concepts of metabolism in organisms; carbohydrate metabolism; tricarboxylic acid cycle; oxidative phosphorylation, lipid metabolism, protein metabolism, and the molecular basis of cancer. The laboratory program introduces the study of biological molecules that include procedures for the quantification, isolation, and characterization of various biomolecules. The course consists of two extended lectures and two extended laboratory sessions per week. BIOCHEMISTRY II BIOL 402 BIOCHEMISTRY II BIOL 402 Credit Hours: 4Prerequisite: BIOL 401 This course is a continuation of Biochemistry I with emphasis on metabolism in organisms. Topics include: fundamental concepts of metabolism in organisms; carbohydrate metabolism; tricarboxylic acid cycle; oxidative phosphorylation, lipid metabolism, protein metabolism, and the molecular basis of cancer. The laboratory program introduces the study of biological molecules that include procedures for the quantification, isolation, and characterization of various biomolecules. The course consists of two extended lectures and two extended laboratory sessions per week. VERTEBRATE ANATOMY BIOL 403 VERTEBRATE ANATOMY BIOL 403 Credit Hours: 4Prerequisite: BIOL 201 This course is a comparative study of chordates, ranging from the protochordates to the vertebrates. It will take a deep look at their history, classifications, and their characteristic features and how they all gradually evolved those characteristics. Topics include basic anatomical terminology, body planes and plan, general characteristics and classification of the Chordates, protochordates and phylogeny of vertebrates, comparative structure of Vertebrates (e.g. fish, reptile, and mammal) with emphasis on: integument, skeleton, appendages, muscles, digestive system, respiratory system, circulatory system, nervous system, sense organs, and urogenital system. Laboratory work will focus on dissecting a member for each of the chordate grouping. VERTEBRATE ANATOMY BIOL 403 VERTEBRATE ANATOMY BIOL 403 Credit Hours: 4Prerequisite: BIOL 201 This course is a comparative study of chordates, ranging from the protochordates to the vertebrates. It will take a deep look at their history, classifications, and their characteristic features and how they all gradually evolved those characteristics. Topics include basic anatomical terminology, body planes and plan, general characteristics and classification of the Chordates, protochordates and phylogeny of vertebrates, comparative structure of Vertebrates (e.g. fish, reptile, and mammal) with emphasis on: integument, skeleton, appendages, muscles, digestive system, respiratory system, circulatory system, nervous system, sense organs, and urogenital system. Laboratory work will focus on dissecting a member for each of the chordate grouping. HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY BIOL 404 HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY BIOL 404 Credit Hours: 4Prerequisite: BIOL 403 This course deals with the fundamental aspects of the human body structure and functions. It introduces students to the structural and functional characteristics of the systems of the human body with emphasis on their physiological processes. Topics include basic anatomical terminology, body plan, integumentary system, osteology, myology, nervous system, Special senses, endocrine system, digestive system, respiratory system, circulatory system, and urogenital system. Laboratory exercises complement lecture topics. The course consists of two extended lectures and two extended laboratory sessions per week. HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY BIOL 404 HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY BIOL 404 Credit Hours: 4Prerequisites: BIOL 202 This course introduces the principles of immunology and the crucial role of the immune system against infection and cancer in the body. It discusses the development of the immune system, innate immunity, immunoglobulin structure and genetics, antigen-antibody reactions, the major histocompatibility complex reactions and antigen presentation, T cell receptors (genetics, structure, selection), T cell activation and effector functions, anergy and apoptosis, cytokines, phagocytic cell function, immune responses to infectious organisms and tumors, autoimmune diseases, autoimmunity, allergies, and immune deficiencies. Laboratory exercises complement lecture topics. The course consists of two extended lectures and two extended laboratory sessions per week. IMMUNOLOGY BIOL 405 IMMUNOLOGY BIOL 405 Credit Hours: 4Prerequisites: BIOL 202 This course introduces the principles of immunology and the crucial role of the immune system against infection and cancer in the body. It discusses the development of the immune system, innate immunity, immunoglobulin structure and genetics, antigen-antibody reactions, the major histocompatibility complex reactions and antigen presentation, T cell receptors (genetics, structure, selection), T cell activation and effector functions, anergy and apoptosis, cytokines, phagocytic cell function, immune responses to infectious organisms and tumors, autoimmune diseases, autoimmunity, allergies, and immune deficiencies. Laboratory exercises complement lecture topics. The course consists of two extended lectures and two extended laboratory sessions per week. EMBRYOLOGY BIOL 406 EMBRYOLOGY BIOL 406 Credit Hours: 4Prerequisites: BIOL 403 This deals with the general study of the embryological development of vertebrate animals with special emphasis placed on frog, chick, and pig development. Topics include historical Background of Embryology, Genetic Background, Reproductive Organs and the Sexual Cycle, Fertilization and the Beginning of Embryogenesis, Gastrulation, Organogenesis, Growth and Differentiation. EMBRYOLOGY BIOL 406 EMBRYOLOGY BIOL 406 Credit Hours: 4Prerequisites: BIOL 403 This deals with the general study of the embryological development of vertebrate animals with special emphasis placed on frog, chick, and pig development. Topics include historical Background of Embryology, Genetic Background, Reproductive Organs and the Sexual Cycle, Fertilization and the Beginning of Embryogenesis, Gastrulation, Organogenesis, Growth and Differentiation. GENETICS BIOL 407 GENETICS BIOL 407 Credit Hours: 4Prerequisite: BIOL 306 This course examines the principles of genetics at the level of molecules, cells, and multicellular organisms, including humans. It discusses the nature of the genes, chromosomal irregularities, polyploidy and mutations. Topics include Mendelian and non-Mendelian inheritance, structure and function of chromosomes and genomes, biological variation resulting from recombination, mutation, and selection, and population genetics. Laboratory exercises complement lecture topics. The course consists of two extended lectures and two extended laboratory sessions per week. GENETICS BIOL 407 GENETICS BIOL 407 Credit Hours: 4Prerequisite: BIOL 306 This course examines the principles of genetics at the level of molecules, cells, and multicellular organisms, including humans. It discusses the nature of the genes, chromosomal irregularities, polyploidy and mutations. Topics include Mendelian and non-Mendelian inheritance, structure and function of chromosomes and genomes, biological variation resulting from recombination, mutation, and selection, and population genetics. Laboratory exercises complement lecture topics. The course consists of two extended lectures and two extended laboratory sessions per week. MOLECULAR BIOLOGY BIOL 408 MOLECULAR BIOLOGY BIOL 408 Credit Hours: 4Prerequisites: BIOL 401 & 407 The course covers both the fundamental principles and techniques of molecular biology. It provides an in-depth knowledge of nucleic acid structure, molecular genetics and the biochemistry of transcription and protein synthesis. It explores the mechanisms of gene regulation in prokaryotes, eukaryotes and viruses. Techniques of recombinant DNA technology and bioinformatics will also be studied. Topics include: gene regulation; DNA replication; genetic recombination; mRNA translation; and the molecular basis of cancer. The topics covered in lecture will also match with the techniques used in each laboratory exercise. MOLECULAR BIOLOGY BIOL 408 MOLECULAR BIOLOGY BIOL 408 Credit Hours: 4Prerequisites: BIOL 401 & 407 The course covers both the fundamental principles and techniques of molecular biology. It provides an in-depth knowledge of nucleic acid structure, molecular genetics and the biochemistry of transcription and protein synthesis. It explores the mechanisms of gene regulation in prokaryotes, eukaryotes and viruses. Techniques of recombinant DNA technology and bioinformatics will also be studied. Topics include: gene regulation; DNA replication; genetic recombination; mRNA translation; and the molecular basis of cancer. The topics covered in lecture will also match with the techniques used in each laboratory exercise. ECOLOGY BIOL 409 ECOLOGY BIOL 409 Credit Hours: 4Prerequisite: BIOL 104 The course covers the concepts, principles, and scopes of ecology and biodiversity. It provides an understanding and appreciation of the diversity of living things, their special adaptations to their environment, and their evolutionary and ecological relationships. Topics include: Ecological factors and relationships; levels of ecological organization; species distribution and dispersal; biomes; animal behavior; population ecology; community ecology; ecosystems; biogeochemical cycles; human disturbance of the environment. Laboratory exercises complement lecture topics. The course consists of two extended lectures and two extended laboratory sessions per week. ENTOMOLOGY BIOL 410 ENTOMOLOGY BIOL 410 Credit Hours: 4Prerequisite: BIOL 301 This course deals with the general morphology and the taxonomy of insects with special reference to West African fauna. It covers insect physiology, digestion, excretion, reproduction, metamorphosis, and respiration. A survey of destructive and useful insects, with specific reference to West Africa, will be the focus of this elective. Field study is a required component of this course. CELL BIOLOGY BIOL 411 CELL BIOLOGY BIOL 411 Credit Hours: 4Prerequisites: BIOL 201 This course is the study of the structure and function of the cell. It covers the internal organization of the eukaryotic cell, organelle and membrane function, cell-cell signaling, cell movement, cell adhesion, and the extracellular matrix. Topics include concepts of cell biology; protein structure and function; bio-membrane structure and transport; cellular energetics; translation; vesicular traffic movement, secretion, and endocytosis; cytoskeleton and cell movement (microfilaments, intermediate filaments, microtubules); signaling pathways and gene activation; apoptosis, eukaryotic cell cycle; and cancer. GENERAL CHEMISTRY II CHEM 102 General Chemistry II CHEM 102 Credit Hours: 4Prerequisite: CHEM 101 This course studies the principles of chemical equilibrium and the rates and mechanisms of chemical reactions. It covers solutions, chemical kinetics, chemical equilibria, coordination complexes, thermochemistry, electrochemistry, introduction to organic chemistry, and introduction to spectroscopy. Three hours lectures per week. INTRODUCTORY CHEMICAL EXPERIMENTATION CHEM 111 Introductory Chemical Experimentation CHEM 111 Credit Hours: 4Pre-requisite: High School Chemistry This course is an intensive introduction to the techniques of experimental chemistry and gives first-year students an opportunity to learn and master the basic chemistry lab techniques for carrying out experiments, Analysis of acid and basic radicals; determination of interfering radicals and their separation; wet tests for acid radical; dry test for acids radicals. Three hours laboratory work & one hour of recitation per week. ORGANIC CHEMISTRY I CHEM 201 Organic Chemistry I CHEM 201 Credit Hours: 4Prerequisite: Chemistry 102 This course deals with the nature of carbon in organic compounds. It covers the general principles of organic chemistry related to structure, stereochemistry, nomenclature, synthesis, uses, and reactions of alcohols, ethers and aliphatic hydrocarbons; Alkanes, alkynes, alkenes, Cycloalkanes. Selected topics include: modern orbital and bonding theory; functional groups; nomenclature and conformations of organic compounds, Chiral molecules; Ionic reactions of alkyl halides and alcohols; Properties, synthesis and reactions of alkanes, alkenes and alkynes I and II; radical reactions, and alcohols and ethers. Three hours lectures per week. ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II CHEM 202 Organic Chemistry II CHEM 202 Credit Hours: 4Prerequisite: Chemistry 201 This is the second phase of organic chemistry with focus on the important types of organic reactions. It lays emphasis on the reaction mechanisms. It covers the study of the aromatic compounds; halides, phenols, ethers; acids and derivatives; the carbonyl compounds; nitrogen compounds with emphasis on their reactivity and reactions, structures, preparations, and physical properties. It also covers the reactions of other classes of organic compounds including aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids and their derivatives, enols and enolates, amines, nitriles, and phenols. Stereochemistry and named reactions are also discussed. Three hours lectures per week. Laboratory work includes synthesis and study of reactions of different types of organic compounds and their identification by chemical tests. GENERAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LAB. CHEM 211L General Organic Chemistry Lab. CHEM 211L Credit Hours: 1Prerequisite: CHEM 111L This course is designed for the separation, purification and identification of organic compounds in either the liquid or the solid state or the combination of either solid – solid, solid – liquid, or liquid – liquid organic compounds. Preparations and identifications of organic compounds and its derivatives. Three hours laboratory work per week and one hour of recitation per week. PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY FOR LIFE SCIENCES I CHEM 301 Physical Chemistry for Life Sciences I CHEM 301 Credit Hours: 4Prerequisite: Chemistry 102 and Math 203 This course specifically deals with units and measurement systems, basic thermodynamics; solution, surface and colloidal chemistry; and their concepts/principles and applications to biological systems and processes. Topics include: importance of physical chemistry for biologists; basic laws of thermodynamics; thermodynamic equilibrium; equilibrium conditions of chemical reactions and phase transfer processes; equilibrium of homogeneous and heterogeneous systems; and chemical equilibrium. JUNIOR SEMINAR I COSAH 305 Junior Seminar I COSAH 305 Credit Hours: 1Prerequisite: ENGL 204 This is a one credit course with emphasis is placed on the use of the library, evaluation of scientific and research papers and students practical speaking in front of a scientific audience. Topics include: Seminar research topic selection, structuring and organizing seminar papers and presentations of seminar papers for faculty and other students. Topics for consideration may include any aspect of the biological, medical or environmental sciences and must be approved by the instructor in advance. Unless otherwise a topic is in continuation of a previous one, student(s) will not make a presentation similar of one he or she might have delivered in another class. JUNIOR SEMINAR II COSAH 306 Junior Seminar II COSAH 306 Credit Hours: 1Prerequisite: ENGL 204 This course is the same as COSAH 305 Junior Seminar I, with emphasis placed on the use of the library, evaluation of scientific and research papers and students practical speaking in front of a scientific audience. Topics include: Seminar research topic selection, structuring and organizing seminar papers and presentations of seminar papers for faculty and other students. Topics for consideration may include any aspect of the biological, medical or environmental sciences and must be approved by the instructor in advance. Unless otherwise a topic is in continuation of a previous one, student(s) will not make a presentation similar of one he or she might have delivered in another class. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY I COSAH 401 Research Methodology I COSAH 401 Credit Hours: 1Prerequisite: COSA 306 This course is a continuation of COSAH 401 Research Methodology I, with emphasis placed on remaining chapters of research paper methodology. Topics include: Methods in research data entry and analysis, discussions and interpretations of data, recommendations and conclusions of the research paper and presentation of research results for faculty and other students. FUNDAMENTALS OF PHYSICS I PHYS 103 FUNDAMENTALS OF PHYSICS I PHYS 103 Credit Hours: 3Prerequisite: Science Major This course provides a general introduction to physics for science and mathematics majors. Topics include principles of mechanics, Newton’s laws, and work, energy, and rotation, mechanical and thermal properties of matter, thermodynamics, vibrations, waves, and sound. The course includes a laboratory portion to accompany the topics covered in lecture. FUNDAMENTALS OF PHYSICS II PHYS 104 FUNDAMENTALS OF PHYSICS II PHYS 104 Credit Hours: 3Prerequisite: PHYS 103 A continuation of PHY 103, topics include electricity, magnetism, electromagnetic waves, optics, special relativity, atomic structure, and quantum mechanics. The course includes a laboratory portion to accompany the topics covered in lecture. The course introduces the student to sources of air pollution, basic meteorological processes, and noise pollution.
